We suggest that the bleeding risk should be balanced with the thrombotic risk to assess the necessity of withdrawing the anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy. (Evidence level:Low；Recommendation grade:weak)

We suggest that patients with previous percutaneous coronary intervention require a careful risk–benefit assessment to manage perioperative antiplatelet therapy. (Evidence level:Low；Recommendation grade:weak)

We suggest that the preoperative evaluation of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery should include an educational program for patients and their caregivers on the perioperative handling of their antithrombotic therapy. (Evidence level:Low；Recommendation grade:weak)

We suggest that the perioperative assessment of coagulation status should be implemented through thromboelastometry and thromboelastography in patients with cirrhosis and significant coagulopathy, as well as in a hypercoagulability state with tranexamic acid administration. (Evidence level:Low；Recommendation grade:weak)

We recommend using the Clinical Frailty Scale because of its high feasibility and predictive values. (1C)

In elective procedures, we suggest that the perioperative continuation of antithrombotic therapy should be weighed against the bleeding risk of surgery, patientrelated factors, and the specific antithrombotic medication. (2C)

We recommend continuing antiplatelet therapy for 6 months after elective percutaneous intervention and 12 months after an urgent coronary intervention. In the case of drug-coated balloon angioplasty, the duration of dual antiplatelet therapy could vary from a minimum of 1 month to a maximum of 12 months, depending on the status of the disease (stable vs. unstable, chronic vs. acute), the dimension of the occluded vessel, presence of in-stent restenosis, type of stenosed stent and bleeding risk. (1C)

We recommend managing anticoagulant medication before an emergency/urgent procedure based on its pharmacokinetic characteristics, reversal agent availability, the patient’s renal function and the likelihood of major bleeding (1A)

We suggest that the bleeding risk should be balanced with the thrombotic risk to assess the necessity of withdrawing the anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy. (2C)

We suggestthat patientswith previous percutaneous coronary intervention require a carefulrisk–benefit assessmenttomanage perioperative antiplatelet therapy.(2C)