Patients receiving glucocorticoids postoperatively should undergo blood glucose monitoring every hour within 4 h of administration. (1B) in cases where patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receive nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), particularly in combination with biguanides and glitazones, there is a possible risk of oedema and prerenal renal insufficiency caused by insufficient renal perfusion during hypovolaemia. In such cases, clinicians may pay more attention to blood glucose and renal function monitoring. (2B)

If possible, hospitals should establish a team of nurses specialising in diabetes . Such nurses should be fully involved in the management of perioperative blood glucose levels. In hospitals without nurses specialising in diabetes, the following preoperative training is recommended: (1) blood glucose management training; (2) cooperation and collaboration training with other physicians during the perioperative period; and (3) training for communication with patients. (2B)

Medical staff should provide psychological care and blood glucose management education for patients, including basic information on blood glucose management, and providereminders regarding the diet and precautions for insulin use. (1B)

Perioperative blood glucose management should be integrated into the residency training program, and perioperative teaching and practice courses may be set up for undergraduates and postgraduates. (2B)

In patients undergoing preoperative routine examination of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), if possible, patients should undertake a combined examination of HbA1c levels (by high performance liquid chromatography method). (2C)

For patients with 6.1 < FPG < 7 mmol/L and high risk of diabetes, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is suggested for measuring the fasting glucose levels and venous blood glucose levels 2 h after oral administration of glucose. (2C)

For patients with high preoperative blood glucose levels but without confirmed diabetes,initial management according to the management principles for patients with diabetes is suggested. The patients need to be diagnosed in time at the endocrinology department once they return to a normal diet. (2C)

People with diabetes should be given priority for surgery, and the preferred time for surgery is early in the morning or as early as possible during daytime to minimise the impact of blood glucose on patients and surgery. (1C) For patients who cannot undergo surgery in the morning, it is recommended that the blood glucose levels be monitored continuously in the ward to immediately detect and treat hypoglycaemia and metabolic disorders due to fasting. (1C)

Among patients who undergo elective surgery, if the random blood glucose level is ≥12.0 mmol/L or HbA1c level is ≥9%, it is suggested that the surgery time be delayed. (1C) For patients in emergency surgery showing ketoacidosis or for patients in hyperosmolar coma, it is recommended that the metabolic disorder, pH and osmotic pressure first be corrected, until normalisation, before surgery if the patient's condition permits. (1B)

The anaesthesiologist should choose appropriate aesthetic and narcotic drugs according to the type of surgery and the patient's blood glucose level. (1B) During surgery,anaesthesiologists should make sure to control the depth of anaesthesia, reduce the stress response, rationally use hormones and glucose-containing solutions, actively monitor blood glucose levels and promptly resolve issues that arise. (1B)