Intubation shall only be attempted without a flexible intubation endoscope if the opera_x005Ftor has the necessary expertise and is using an SGA that has a high success rate when used correctly.

Emergency use should be reserved for those with sufficient experience in patient use.

For direct laryngoscopy, positioning in the sniffing position can be helpful for a better view.

In patients with known chronic kidney disease (CKD), we recommend quantifying the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and proteinuria before surgery for risk stratification regarding postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and worsening of CKD. (1C)

We suggest considering NT-Pro BNP testing combined with eGFR to add additional information on risk stratification for postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and worsening of CKD. (2C)

In elective procedures, we suggest that the perioperative continuation of antithrombotic therapy should be weighed against the bleeding risk of surgery, patient-related factor and the specific antithrombotic medication.(2C)

We recommend managing anticoagulant medication before an emergency/urgent procedure based on its pharmacokinetic characteristics, reversal agent availability, the patient's renal function and the likelihood of major bleeding (1A)

We suggest that the bleeding risk should be balanced with the thrombotic risk to assess the necessity of withdrawing the anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy. (2C)

We suggest that patients with previous percutaneous coronary intervention require a careful risk–benefit assessment to manage perioperative antiplatelet therapy. (2C)

We suggest that the preoperative evaluation of patients undergoing NCS should include an educational program for patients and their caregivers on the perioperative handling of their antithrombotic therapy. (2C)