The use of NIRS-guided algorithms should be considered to detect cerebral hypoperfusion of any origin（Ⅱa）

Oxygenator exhaust concentrations of volatile anaesthetic agents should be considered for monitoring during CPB.（Ⅱa）

It is recommended that approved equipment be used for delivering volatile anaesthetics during CPB.(I)

The administration of nitrous oxide immediately before and after CPB is not recommended.(III)

Volatile anaesthetic agents may be considered for the maintenance of anaesthesia during CPB.(Ⅱb)

During the maintenance phase of CPB, it should be considered to administer intravenous anaesthetics and opioids, except remifentanil, at a dose at least as high as prior to CPB.（Ⅱa）

Intravenous fentanyl administration by intermittent bolus or infusion may be considered.(Ⅱb)

Ablation should be considered in symptomatic patients with recurrent or persistent SVT, despite treatment, prior to high-risk, non-urgent NCS.(Evidence: Level B，Recommendation: Class IIa)

In AF patients with acute or worsening haemodynamic instability undergoing NCS, emergency electrical cardioversion is recommended.(Evidence: Level B，Recommendation: Class I)

In AF patients with haemodynamic instability,amiodarone may be considered for acute control of heart rate.(Evidence: Level B，Recommendation: Class IIb )