Regular training should be provided on airway trainers for translaryngeal/transtracheal techniques.

When direct laryngoscopy is expected to be difficult or in emergencies, video laryngoscopy should be preferred over direct laryngoscopy.

In anesthesia, a video laryngoscope with a Macintosh blade can be used for standard intubation.

A stylet shall be used when using a hyper angulated blade with sufficient practical ex_x005Fperience to use these devices successfully in emergency situations. The tube with the stylet should be bent to follow the shape of the blade all the way to the tip.

Devices for each level shall be available dur_x005Fing elective and emergency airway management.

Prior to induction of general anesthesia, the team shall communicate the planned proce_x005Fdure and any special features. If difficulties are anticipated, the course of action and possible alternatives shall be specified.

There shall be an institution specific algo_x005Frithm for difficult airway management available. It is known to all involved and includes available and familiar devices and airway techniques.

If a difficult airway is anticipated, regional anesthesia shall be considered first.

If a difficult airway is expected and primary regional anesthesia is performed, a plan for securing the airway shall be communicated within the team and the necessary supplies shall be readily available.

If regional anesthesia is not possible and gen_x005Feral anesthesia is required, the airway shall be secured while maintaining spontaneous breathing if there are predictors for difficult or impossible mask ventilation and/or endotracheal intubation.