Before discharge, information regarding PDPH sequelae should be conveyed to patients with arrangements for appropriate follow-up and contact information with their anesthesia provider and other health care providers. (Evidence: Moderate Level of Certainty，Recommendation: Grade B)

The person (or team member) responsible for dural puncture leading to PDPH should ensure that other specialties or primary care physicians are informed of PDPH management and potential for long-term symptoms. (Evidence: Moderate Level of Certainty，Recommendation: Grade B)

Follow-up with patients who experience PDPH should be continued until headache resolves. (Evidence: Moderate Level of Certainty，Recommendation: Grade B)

Following discharge from hospital, follow-up may be continued by the patient’s primary care physician. Information regarding PDPH diagnosis and/or inadvertent dural puncture should also be communicated to the patient’s primary care physician and other specialists with referrals to a pain or neurology specialist if indicated. (Evidence: Low Level of Certainty，Recommendation: Grade C)

Urgent neuroimaging and referral to an appropriate specialist should be performed for any PDPH patient with worsening symptoms despite an 硬膜外血补丁, new focal neurologic symptoms, or a change in the nature of headache. (Evidence: Moderate Level of Certainty，Recommendation: Grade B)

It is recommended to set up and apply a perioperative optimization program in order to reduce the length of hospital stay and the incidence of postoperative complications（Evidence level:1+；Recommendation grade:Strong）.

It is recommended to include all patients in a perioperative optimization program, particularly elderly, fragile or comorbid patients, for whom this type of management helps to reduce rates of postoperative complication and duration of hospital stay（Evidence level:1+；Recommendation grade:Strong）.

It is probably recommended to implement a prehabilitation program prior to surgery so as to reduce morbidity and postoperative length of hospital stay（Evidence level:2+；Recommendation grade:Strong）.

For solids, it is recommended to limit the duration of preoperative fasting to six hours and to encourage intake of clear fluids (water, tea or coffee with or without sugar, fruit juice without pulp up until two hours before the operation, the objectives being to reduce preoperative anxiety and length of hospital stay（Evidence level:1+；Recommendation grade:Strong）.

It is not recommended to systematically prescribe sedative premedication before an intervention in view of reducing the occurrence of postoperative complications（Evidence level:1-；Recommendation grade:Strong）.